The process which is heavily used in the
chemical industry for separating some specified materials from the concentrated
solution of chemicals with the help of heating is known as thermal separation
and the process that is used for separating solid crystals from the liquids in
termed as crystallization. The devices that are used in the process of
separating crystals from liquid are termed as crystallizers. So, with the help
of crystallizers we can separate crystals and water waste form a solution of
material this is also known as ZLD.
The process of separating solid crystals
from the liquid can be divided into two parts, first part is known as primary
nucleation and in this part the growth of new crystals can be observed very
easily and the second part in known as secondary nucleation which is the main
stage of the whole process in which we produce large amount of crystals.
This crystallization of materials or the
formation of crystals in the crystallizers is not normal it is forced
circulation of material in the crystallizers. A forced circulation is different
from the natural circulation as in forced circulation boiler pump is used to circulate
water inside the boiler while natural boiler relies on current density to
circulate water inside the boiler.
Evaporators temperature should try to keep
as low as possible as it supports the formation of crystals in the crystallizer
in masses.
Evaporative
system multiple effect
The evaporative system multiple effect
helps the crystallizers in formation of mass crystals in the evaporators.
Evaporator uses a thermos compressor to
reduce the steam required per pound of evaporation. To reduce energy
consumption in the evaporator, water vapour from an evaporator is compressed
with high pressure steam in a thermal compressor so it can be condensed in the
evaporator heat exchanger.
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